List of computer criminals

File:Lamo-Mitnick-Poulsen.png

Hacker Adrian Lamo (left) with contemporaries Kevin Mitnick (center) and Kevin Poulsen

File:Abene9 2005.jpg

Mark Abene, who was convicted of computer charges

Convicted computer criminals are people who are caught and convicted of computer crimes such as breaking into computers or computer networks.<ref name="Crackdown"/> Computer crime can be broadly defined as criminal activity involving information technology infrastructure, including illegal access (unauthorized access), illegal interception (by technical means of non-public transmissions of computer data to, from or within a computer system), data interference (unauthorized damaging, deletion, deterioration, alteration or suppression of computer data), systems interference (interfering with the functioning of a computer system by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering or suppressing computer data), misuse of devices, forgery (or identity theft) and electronic fraud.<ref name="Hackers_Routledge">Template:Cite book</ref>

In the infancy of the hacker subculture and the computer underground,<ref name="fiu">Template:Cite web</ref> criminal convictions were rare because there was an informal code of ethics that was followed by white hat hackers.<ref name="PBS_Interview">Template:Cite web</ref> Proponents of hacking claim to be motivated by artistic and political ends, but are often unconcerned about the use of criminal means to achieve them.<ref name="nypost_1999">*****o</ref> White hat hackers break past computer security for non-malicious reasons and do no damage, akin to breaking into a house and looking around.<ref name="PC_World">Template:Cite web</ref> They enjoy learning and working with computer systems, and by this experience gain a deeper understanding of electronic security.<ref name="PC_World"/> As the computer industry matured, individuals with malicious intentions (black hats) would emerge to exploit computer systems for their own personal profit.<ref name="PC_World"/>

Convictions of computer crimes, or hacking, began as early as 1983 with the case of The 414s from the 414 area code in Milwaukee. In that case, six *****agers broke into a number of high-profile computer systems, including Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Security Pacific Bank. On May 1, 1983, one of the 414s, Gerald Wondra, was sentenced to two years of probation.<ref name="NYTIMES_1983">*****o</ref>

In 2006, a prison term of nearly five years was handed down to Jeanson James Ancheta, who created hundreds of zombie computers to do his bidding via giant bot networks or botnets.<ref name="Digital_Underworld">pg 26—Template:Cite book</ref> He then sold the botnets to the highest bidder who in turn used them for Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.<ref name="CNET_2006"/>

Template:As of, the longest sentence for computer crimes is that of Albert Gonzalez for 20 years.<ref name="Wired">*****o</ref>

The next longest sentences are those of 13 years for Max Ray Vision,<ref name="Wired_Max_Vision">*****o</ref> 108 months of Brian Salcedo in 2004 and upheld in 2006 by the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals,<ref name="cybercrime.gov_Salcedo">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Wired_Gonzalez">*****o</ref> and 68 months of Kevin Mitnick in 1999.<ref name="cybercrime.gov_Mitnick">Template:Cite web</ref>

Computer criminals

Name	Handle	Nationality	Conviction(s)	Sentencing date(s)	Penalty
Template:Sortname	sl1nk	United Kingdom	Pled guilty to five counts of `unauthorised acts with intent to impair operation of or prevent/hinder access to a computer’, two of `unauthorised computer access with intent to commit other offences’, one of `unauthorised computer access with intent to commit other offences’, and one of 'unauthorised access to computer material'. Hacking attempt on the websites of Kent Police, Cambridge University and Oxford University. Former member of NullCrew and said to have penetrated the servers of Department of Defense (DoD), Pentagon, NASA, NSA, other UK government websites.<ref>Is Department of Defense (DoD), Pentagon, NASA, NSA secure?, TheHackerNews, May 14, 2011.</ref>	Template:Sort	Two years imprisonment<ref name="KentPolice_sl1nk">Man jailed for attempting to compromise websites, Kent Police, United Kingdom, 16 May 2013.</ref>
Template:Sortname	Phiber Optik	United States	Misdemeanor theft-of-service for a free-call scam to a 900 number<ref name="Crackdown">Template:Cite book</ref> One count of computer trespass and one count of computer conspiracy<ref name="Wired_94">*****o</ref>	Template:Sort Template:Sort	35 hours of community service<ref name="Crackdown"/> One-year jail sentence<ref name="Wired_94"/><ref name="CNET_Networks_Abene">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Gobo	United States	Pled guilty to four federal charges of violating United States Code Section 1030, Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Computers, specifically subsections (a)(5)(A)(i), 1030 (a)(5)(B)(i) and 1030(b)<ref name="CNET_2006">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	57 months in prison, forfeit a 1993 BMW and more than US$58,000 in profit Restitution of US$15,000 to the U.S. federal government for infecting military computers<ref name="BBC_4642566">*****o</ref><ref name="usdoj_Ancheta">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Mendax / profff	Australia	31 charges of hacking and related charges. Pled guilty to 25 charges, the remaining 6 were dropped.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	Template:Sort	A recorded conviction on all counts, a reparation payment of A$2,100 to ANU (to be paid in 3 months time) and a A$5,000 good-behaviour bond.<ref name="Dreyfus48-49">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Sortname	—	United States	Conspiracy to steal credit card numbers from the Lowe's chain of home improvement stores<ref name="theregister_2004">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Two years and two months imprisonment, followed by two years of supervised release<ref name="timmins">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	MafiaBoy	Canada	Pled guilty to 56 charges of "mischief to data"<ref name="wired_72573">*****o</ref><ref name="mafiaboy_given_eight_months">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Eight months "open custody," by the Montreal Youth Court, one-year of probation, restricted use of the Internet and a small fine<ref name="mafiaboy_given_eight_months"/><ref name="fbi_Mafiboy">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Mindphasr	United States	Intentionally hacking a protected computer and willfully causing damage<ref name="USDOJ_March_2000"/>	Template:Sort	Six months in prison, US$8,054 in restitution and three years probation<ref name="USDOJ_March_2000">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Phoenix	Australia	15 charges including trespassing on the University of Texas computer network, altering data at NASA and the theft of the ZARDOZ file<ref name="theage"/>	Template:Sort	One-year suspended sentence: A$1,000 good-behaviour bond and 500 hours community service<ref name="theage">*****o</ref>
Template:Sortname	DarkL00k	India	Charged for Hacking Over a E-commerce Portal with Approx $ 1,000,000 USD of total Fraud. He is charged with his 3 fellow hackers belong to Indishell.<ref name="Hindustan-Times5944">Template:Cite book</ref>	Template:Sort	The case is in New Delhi Court and Hackers are still at large. Two Hackers are arrested till date with Charge of INR 5 Million Indian Rupees.<ref name="Hindustan-Times5944"/>
Template:Sortname	Trax	Australia	6 counts of hacking and phreaking. Pled guilty to all charges.<ref name="Dreyfus43-45">Template:Cite book</ref>	Template:Sort Template:Sort	(Due to a history of mental illness) no recorded conviction and a A$500 three-year good-behaviour bond<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Sortname	Curador	United Kingdom	Pled guilty to theft and hacking offenses which fall under the Computer Misuse Act and six charges of intentionally accessing sites containing credit card details and using this information for financial gain<ref name="theregister">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Three years of psychiatric treatment after evidence emerged that he was suffering from a mental condition which needed medical treatment rather than incarceration<ref name="bbc_1424937">*****o</ref>
Template:Sortname	Red Phibes	Sweden	2 charges of government related hacking and violating Swedish law of private secutity, 1 charge of identity fraud by Id-security. Pled guilty of all charges accordingly.	Template:Sort	80 hours of community service 320 hours of government support for the department of security and identity protection
Template:Sortname	MagicFX	United States	Admitted the hacking and pleaded guilty to two felonies in 2004.<ref name="wired.com.Heckenkamp">*****o</ref>	Template:Sort	Sentenced to Time Served after spending 7 months in prison.<ref name="wired.com.Heckenkamp"/>
Template:Sortname	c0mrade	United States	Two counts of juvenile delinquency<ref name="ency"/>	Template:Sort	Six-month prison sentence and probation until the age of eigh*****<ref name="ency">Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Sortname	Electron	Australia	Trespassing on the University of Texas computer network and theft of the ZARDOZ file<ref name="theage"/>	Template:Sort	One year and six months suspended sentence, 300 hours of community service and psychiatric assessment and treatment<ref name="theage"/>
Template:Sortname	samy	United States	Pled guilty to violating California Penal Code 502(c)(8) for creating the "Samy is my hero" XSS worm that spread across the MySpace social networking site<ref name="samy">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Three years of formal probation, 90 days of community service, restitution paid to MySpace, restrictions on computer use<ref name="samy"/>
Template:Sortname	cam0	United States	Pled guilty to hacking into the cell-phone account of celebrity Paris Hilton and participated in an attack on data-collection firm LexisNexis Group that exposed personal records of more than 300,000 consumers<ref name="WP_Paris">*****o</ref>	Template:Sort	11 months in a Massachusetts juvenile detention facility<ref name="WP_Paris"/>
Template:Sortname	—	United States	One-count of computer crimes against Microsoft, LexisNexis and The New York Times<ref name="informationweek"/>	Template:Sort	Six months detention at his parent's home plus two years probation and roughly US$65,000 in restitution<ref name="informationweek">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Condor	United States	Four counts of wire fraud, two counts of computer fraud and one count of illegally intercepting a wire communication<ref name="usdoj"/>	Template:Sort	46 months in federal prison and US$4,125 in restitution<ref name="usdoj">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Coolio	United States	Misdemeanor charges of hacking<ref name="usatoday"/>	Template:Sort	Nine months in jail and US$5,000 in restitution to each victim<ref name="usatoday">*****o</ref>
Template:Sortname	rtm	United States	Intentional access of federal interest computers without authorization thereby preventing authorized access and causing a loss in excess of US$1,000<ref name="rbs2">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Three years probation and 400 hours of community service in a manner determined by the Probation Office and approved by the Court<ref name="rbs2"/>
Template:Sortname	T33kid	United States	Pled guilty on August 11, 2004 to one count of intentionally causing or attempting to cause damage to a protected computer via his version of the Blaster computer worm<ref name="CRN_Blaster">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	18 months in prison and 100 hours of community service<ref name="sophos_Blaster">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	The Black Baron	United Kingdom	Writing and distributing computer viruses	Template:Sort	18 months in prison
Template:Sortname	Kevin Poulsen	United States	Pled guilty to seven counts of mail, wire and computer fraud, money laundering and obstruction of justice<ref name="Digital_Underworld"/>	Template:Sort	51 months in prison and ordered to pay US$56,000 in restitution<ref name="Digital_Underworld"/>
Template:Sortname	Terminus	United States	Illicit use of proprietary software (UNIX 3.2 code) owned by AT&T<ref name="Crackdown"/> and 2 counts of computer fraud and three counts of interstate transportation of stolen property.<ref name="LATIMES_1991">*****o</ref><ref name="RISK">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	One-year jail sentence<ref name="LATIMES_1991"/><ref name="RISK2">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Kwyjibo	United States	Pled guilty to knowingly spreading a computer virus, the Melissa virus, with the intent to cause damage<ref name="USDOJ"/>	Template:Sort	20 months in federal prison, US$5,000 fine and 100 hours of community service upon release<ref name="USDOJ">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Analyzer	Israel	Admitted to cracking US and Israeli computers, and pled guilty to conspiracy, wrongful infiltration of computerized material, disruption of computer use and destroying evidence<ref name="solar_sunrise_hacker_analyzer_escapes">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Six months of community service, one-year of probation, a two-year suspended prison sentence and fined about US$18,000<ref name="solar_sunrise_hacker_analyzer_escapes"/>
Template:Sortname	Gobo	United Kingdom	Writing and distributing three computer viruses<ref name="sophos">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	Two-year jail sentence<ref name="sophos"/>
Template:Sortname	The 414s	United States	Unauthorized access to computers at the Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York and a Los Angeles bank<ref name="NYTIMES_1983"/> and two counts of "making harassing telephone calls"<ref name="NYTIMES_1983b">*****o</ref>	Template:Sort	Two years probation<ref name="NYTIMES_1983"/>
Template:Sortname	OnTheFly	Netherlands	Spreading data into a computer network with the intention of causing damage as the creator of the Anna Kournikova virus<ref name="theregister_2001-09-27">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	150 hours community service<ref name="theregister_2001-09-27"/><ref name="theregister_2001-09-14">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="pcworld_2001-09-28">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Pablo Escobar	United Kingdom	Hacked into the British Pregnancy Advisory Service, stole patient information and defaced the webpage. Pled guilty to 2 counts of computer misuse.<ref name="theregister_2012-04-16">Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Sort	32 months imprisonment <ref name="theregister_2012-04-16">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname	Ripmax	Australia	Was arrested in 1992 on 38 charges of Telecommunications fraud (Phreaking).<ref name="zlh.halcon.tv">https://zlh.halcon.tv/files/Phreak/Misc/handbook.txt</ref><ref name="textfiles.com">https://www.textfiles.com/magazines/NEUROCACTUS/nc-002.txt</ref>	Template:Sort	served a three-year $10,000 good behavior bond, and was fined $2000, 150 Community Service Hours<ref name="theregister_2012-04-16">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="textfiles.com"/>
Template:Sortname	Murf	Australia	Worked with Ripmax and was also arrested.He was charged with 34 charges of Telecommunications fraud (Phreaking).<ref name="zlh.halcon.tv"/><ref name="textfiles.com"/>	Template:Sort	served a three-year $10,000 good behavior bond, and was fined $2000, 150 Community Service Hours<ref name="theregister_2012-04-16">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="textfiles.com"/>

See also

• Timeline of computer security hacker history

External links

• Hacker High: 10 Stories of *****age Hackers Getting into the System
• CUSSE List of Convicted Hackers